PIERS
A pier is a raised structure in the
body of water, which is supported by the piles or pillars. Piers support
bridges, buildings and walkways. There are different types of piers such
as: working piers, pleasure piers, etc. All of them possess different purposes.
It is a structure which is built on posts extending from land our over water
and are used as a landing place for ships, entertainment area, etc. It supports
the ends of adjacent spans.
CAISSONS
A caisson is a watertight retaining
structure. It is a cylinder or hollow box that is sunk into the
ground for a definite depth by auguring a deep hole into the strata. This is
mostly used for constructing bridge piers and other foundations that are located beneath bodies
of the water. Caisson is used to work on the foundations of a
bridge pier, construction
of a concrete dam and also for the repair of ships. These are constructed so
that the water can be pumped out so as to keep the working environment
dry. Caissons can be
easily put in place, no matter where the structure is being constructed.
DEWATERING
Dewatering is the removal of ground water from the
soil for favorable condition of any construction. It aims at lowering
the ground water level and is used to remove or drain the groundwater from a
construction site, caisson,
or mine shafts, either by pumping or evaporation. It removes the unwanted
water from the ground from any work area, thereby helping to make the drilling
process easy.
